Sleep and awake bruxism
Bruxism is repeated jaw-muscle activity. It may be symptom-free or contribute to tooth wear, muscle fatigue, pain or restorative complications.
Possible signs
- Tooth wear, cracks or sensitivity.
- Sore or tired jaw muscles on waking.
- Awareness of daytime clenching.
- Grinding sounds reported by a partner.
- Complications affecting restorations or implants.
Associated factors
Stress, sleep quality, alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, certain medicines and sleep disorders may be relevant. Bruxism does not explain every jaw pain and does not necessarily cause TMD.
Individualised management
- Awareness of daytime clenching and relaxation strategies.
- Sleep hygiene and reducing modifiable factors.
- A protective splint when indicated.
- Treatment of dental damage and associated pain.
- Sleep specialist referral when symptoms suggest a sleep disorder.
Frequently asked questions
Does a splint cure bruxism?
It mainly protects the teeth and may help symptoms; it does not always stop muscle activity. Correct fit and review are important.
Related information
Medical sources
Last editorial review: August 2026. This page provides general information and does not replace an examination, diagnosis or personalised treatment plan.